The Quantity Theory Of Money - 7121 Words

2.3 Quantity Theory of Money in the Early Twentieth Century The classical (e.g. Adam Smith, David Hume, David Ricardo, and John Stuart Mill) and the neoclassical schools (e.g. Alfred Marshall, A. C. Pigou, Irving Fisher ) state that inflation is a monetary phenomena (Snowdon and Vane, 2005). According to Classicists, volume of money determines the price level in the economy that operates with full employment and relative prices are determined by demand for and supply of real goods. These economists developed the monetary theory which can be taken as the analytical approach to explain the economic role of money. In course of explaining the economic role of money Irving Fisher, the classical economist formulated the equation of exchange associated with the quantity theory of money. The equation of exchange can be represented as follows: = (2.1) where M is the amount of currency in the economy during a given year, V is the velocity of circulation of money, M’ is the volume of demand deposit in the economy during the year, V’ is the velocity of circulation of demand deposits, and is the sum of (i) the average price, P, of a commodity purchased in the economy during the given year multiplied by the quantity, Q ,of it purchased, (ii) the average price, , P’ of another commodity purchased during the given year multiplied by the quantity of it purchased, and (iii) for allShow MoreRelatedQuantity Theory of Money1156 Words   |  5 PagesQuantity theory of Money QTM is the crux of the classical monetary thoughts which proclaims the idea of a unique functional relationship between money and prices. The classical author J.S.Mill, â€Å" the value of money, other things be the same, varies inversely as its quantity; every increase of quantity lowers the value and every diminution raising it in a ratio exactly equal† . The QTM implies that the quantity of money brings about a directly proportionate change in the price level andRead MoreThe Conceptual Framework Of Quantity Theory Of Money Essay1112 Words   |  5 Pages2.2 Conceptual Framework of Quantity Theory of Money A number of frameworks have been introduced by the economists regarding the concept of Quantity Theory of Money. Ajuzie Immanuel, et.al. (2008) opines as â€Å"The concept of the Quantity Theory of Money (QTM) was introduced in the economic theory in the 16th century. Jean Boldin in his book reprinted in 1924 argued that the reasons for the rise in French prices were abundance of gold and silver, monopolies, scarcity, the pleasure of princes, and devaluationRead MoreThe Phillips Curve and The Quantity Theory of Money1128 Words   |  4 Pagesthese Number; we can say the situation of this statistics is prefect match with the model of Phillips Curve in Macroeconomics. As this kind of situation happened, one of the reasons could be the forecast error of the wages. The employees saw their money wages was up, they thing the purchase power also going up, so they are willing to supply more labor and goods. However, what they don’t know is their power of purchase has fallen, because the price, or the inflation rate has increase faster than theirRead MoreThe Quantity Theory Of Money And Taylor s Rules1497 Words   |  6 PagesThe quantity theory of money and Taylor’s rules offer quite different perceptions about â€Å"[to what] extent the structural models should enter the monetary policy decision-making process†()that they appear to be on opposite ends of the spectrum on the issue of monetary policy rules. The quantity theory of money, as restated by Friedman, leads to a constant money growth rule. Monetarists believe that â€Å"variation in the money supply has major influences on national real output in the short run and theRead MoreThe Fisher Effect and the Quantity Theory of Money Essay examples1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe Fisher Effect and the Quantity Theory of Money Eric Mahaney 4/7/13 EC-301-1 The Fisher effect and the Fisher equation were made famous by economist Irving Fisher. He created his equation by rearranging the equation for real interest rate, which is (r = i - Ï€). Real interest rate equals the nominal interest rate plus inflation. This is a very basic equation. Fisher manipulated it to solve for i, in order to understand the effect that inflation has on nominal interest rate. TheRead MoreHow the Economy Works712 Words   |  3 PagesKeynesianism on the demand for money have always been subject to debate by economic scholars alike. The Quantity Theory of Money is an economic theory that states that the money supply is an economy is directly proportional to the general price level. This theory is commonly associated with neoclassical economics. Milton Friedman, a famous economist, modified this quantity theory of money by formulating a theory called the general theory of asset demand, where money demand is a function of wealthRead More Aggregate Supply and Demand Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesAggregate Supply and Demand The quantity theory can be shown graphically in terms of the aggregate-supply aggregate-demand framework that has become popular in macroeconomic textbooks. Aggregate demand is the amount people will spend, or money multiplied by velocity. If money is 30 and velocity is 7, total spending will be 210. Total spending of 210 can be divided between prices and quantities in a number of ways. If the price level (P) is 1, quantity (Q) will be 210. If P is 2, Q will beRead MoreMilton Friedman Vs. Monetarism1580 Words   |  7 PagesBrunner, Allan Meltzer, and most notably Milton Friedman. The school of thought became known as Monetarism, which focused on the macroeconomic effect of a nation’s money supply and its central banking institution (Mccallum). We will be focusing on Friedman and the contributions he made to monetarism, which includes his quantity theory of money. Milton Friedman was the Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago for thirty years up until 1976. He is credited for the formulation of the MonetarismRead MoreThe Abolition Of The West African Cowrie As The Main Currency And The Reasons Essay1719 Words   |  7 Pagesthe reasons for the desertion of currencies are largely unknown to much of the population. This case study focuses on the events that led to the abandonment of the West African cowrie as the main currency and the reasons behind it. The Quantity Theory of Money and Gresham’s law are the main foci of the explanation of this topic. This case study makes use of several publications in an effort to build an argument that proves that the increase in the cowrie supply and the resulting inflation ledRead MoreIs Lm Model On Economics Of The Twentieth Century?1037 Words   |  5 Pagesjournal could be considered as an attempt to interpret and reassess Mr. Keynes’ General Theory of Empoyment within the typical â€Å"classic† theory framework and compare Keynes’ view and classical economists’ view. Mr. Hicks starts with setting the typical classical theory in a form that is similar to that where Mr. Keynes does his. He makes the same assumptions for the theory as Mr. Keynes does, which is first, the quantity of factors of production is all fixed and second, only homogeneous labor is counted

The Twilight Saga 4 Breaking Dawn 13. Good Thing I’ve Got A Strong Stomach Free Essays

string(73) " down my spine as I saw how frail she’d gotten in less than a day\." 13. Good Thing I’ve Got A Strong Stomach Carlisle and Rosalie were off in a flash, darting upstairs. I could hear them debating whether they should warm it up for her. We will write a custom essay sample on The Twilight Saga 4: Breaking Dawn 13. Good Thing I’ve Got A Strong Stomach or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ugh. i wondered what all house-of-horrors stuff they kept around here. Fridge full of blood, check. What else? Torture chamber? Coffin room? Edward stayed, holding Bella’s hand. His face was dead again. He didn’t seem to have the energy to keep up even that little hint of hope he’d had before. They stared into each other’s eyes, but not in a gooey way. It was like they were having a conversation. Kind of reminded me of Sam and Emily. No, it wasn’t gooey, but that only made it harder to watch. I knew what it was like for Leah, having to see that all the time. Having to hear it in Sam’s head. Of course we all felt bad for her, we weren’t monsters – in that sense, anyway. But I guess we’d blamed her for how she handled it. Lashing out at everyone, trying to make us all as miserable as she was. I would never blame her again. How could anyone help spreading this kind of misery around? How could anyone not try to ease some of the burden by shoving a little piece of it off on someone else? And if it meant that I had to have a pack, how could I blame her for taking my freedom? I would do the same. If there was a way to escape this pain, I’d take it, too. Rosalie darted downstairs after a second, flying through the room like a sharp breeze, stirring up the burning smell. She stopped inside the kitchen, and I heard the creak of a cupboard door. â€Å"Note ear, Rosalie,† Edward murmured. He rolled his eyes. Bella looked curious, but Edward just shook his head at her. Rosalie blew back through the room and disappeared again. â€Å"This was your idea?† Bella whispered, her voice rough as she strained to make it loud enough for me to hear. Forgetting that I could hear just fine. I kind of liked how, a lot of the time, she seemed to forget that I wasn’t completely human. I moved closer, so that she wouldn’t have to work so hard. â€Å"Don’t blame me for this one. Your vampire was just picking snide comments out of my head.† She smiled a little. â€Å"I didn’t expect to see you again.† â€Å"Yeah, me, either,† I said. It felt weird just standing here, but the vampires had shoved all the furniture out of the way for the medical setup. I imagined that it didn’t bother them – sitting or standing didn’t make much difference when you were stone. Wouldn’t bother me much, either, except that I was so exhausted. â€Å"Edward told me what you had to do. I’m sorry.† â€Å"S’okay. It was probably only a matter of time till I snapped over something Sam wanted me to do,† I lied. â€Å"And Seth,† she whispered. â€Å"He’s actually happy to help.† â€Å"I hate causing you trouble.† I laughed once – more a bark than a laugh. She breathed a faint sigh. â€Å"I guess that’s nothing new, is it?† â€Å"No, not really.† â€Å"You don’t have to stay and watch this,† she said, barely mouthing the words. I could leave. It was probably a good idea. But if I did, with the way she looked right now, I could be missing the last fifteen minutes of her life. â€Å"I don’t really have anywhere else to go,† I told her, trying to keep the emotion out of my voice. â€Å"The wolf thing is a lot less appealing since Leah joined up.† â€Å"Leah?† she gasped. â€Å"You didn’t tell her?† I asked Edward. He just shrugged without moving his eyes from her face. I could see it wasn’t very exciting news to him, not something worth sharing with the more important events that were going down. Bella didn’t take it so lightly. It looked like it was bad news to her. â€Å"Why?† she breathed. I didn’t want to get into the whole novel-length version. â€Å"To keep an eye on Seth.† â€Å"But Leah hates us,† she whispered. Us.Nice. I could see that she was afraid, though. â€Å"Leah’s not going to bug anyone.† But me. â€Å"She’s in my pack† – I grimaced at the words – â€Å"so she follows my lead.† Ugh. Bella didn’t look convinced. â€Å"You’re scared of Leah, but you’re best buds with the psychopath blonde?† There was a low hiss from the second floor. Cool, she’d heard me. Bella frowned at me. â€Å"Don’t. Rose†¦ understands.† â€Å"Yeah,† i grunted. â€Å"She understands that you’re gonna die and she doesn’t care, s’long as she gets her mutant spawn out of the deal.† â€Å"Stop being a jerk, Jacob,† she whispered. She looked too weak to get mad at. I tried to smile instead. â€Å"You say that like it’s possible.† Bella tried not to smile back for a second, but she couldn’t help it in the end; her chalky lips pulled up at the corners. And then Carlisle and the psycho in question were there. Carlisle had a white plastic cup in his hand – the kind with a lid and a bendy straw. Oh – not clear,now I got it. Edward didn’t want Bella to have to think about what she was doing any more than necessary. You couldn’t see what was in the cup at all. But I could smell it. Carlisle hesitated, the hand with the cup half-extended. Bella eyed it, looking scared again. â€Å"We could try another method,† Carlisle said quietly. â€Å"No,† Bella whispered. â€Å"No,111 try this first. We don’t have time†¦.† At first I thought she’d finally gotten a clue and was worried about herself, but then her hand fluttered feebly against her stomach. Bellareached out and took the cup from him. Her hand shook a little, and I could hear the sloshing from inside. She tried to prop herself up on one elbow, but she could barely lift her head. A whisper of heat brushed down my spine as I saw how frail she’d gotten in less than a day. You read "The Twilight Saga 4: Breaking Dawn 13. Good Thing I’ve Got A Strong Stomach" in category "Essay examples" Rosalie put her arm under Bella’s shoulders, supporting her head, too, like you did with a newborn. Blondie was all about the babies. â€Å"Thanks,† Bella whispered. Her eyes flickered around at us. Still aware enough to feel self-conscious. If she wasn’t so drained, I’d bet she’d’ve blushed. â€Å"Don’t mind them,† Rosalie murmured. It made me feel awkward. I should’ve left when Bella’d offered the chance. I didn’t belong here, being part of this. I thought about ducking out, but then I realized a move like that would only make this worse for Bella – make it harder for her to go through with it. She’d figure I was too disgusted to stay. Which was almost true. Still. While I wasn’t going to claim responsibility for this idea, I didn’t want to jinx it, either. Bella lifted the cup to her face and sniffed at the end of the straw. She flinched, and then made a face. â€Å"Bella, sweetheart, we can find an easier way,† Edward said, holding his hand out for the cup. â€Å"Plug your nose,† Rosalie suggested. She glared at Edward’s hand like she might take a snap at it. I wished she would. I bet Edward wouldn’t take that sitting down, and I’d love to see Blondie lose a limb. â€Å"No, that’s not it. It’s just that it – â€Å"Bella sucked in a deep breath. â€Å"It smells good,† she admitted in a tiny voice. I swallowed hard, fighting to keep the disgust off my face. â€Å"That’s a good thing,† Rosalie told Bella eagerly. â€Å"That means we’re on the right track. Give it a try.† Given Blondie’s new expression, I was surprised she didn’t break into a touchdown dance. Bella shoved the straw between her lips, squeezed her eyes shut, and wrinkled her nose. I could hear the blood slopping around in the cup again as her hand shook. She sipped at it for a second, and then moaned quietly with her eyes still closed. Edward and I stepped forward at the same time. He touched her face. I clenched my hands behind my back. â€Å"Bella, love – â€Å" Tm okay,† she whispered. She opened her eyes and stared up at him. Her expression was†¦ apologetic. Pleading. Scared. â€Å"It tastes good, too.† Acid churned in my stomach, threatening to overflow. I ground my teeth together. â€Å"That’s good,† Blondie repeated, still jazzed. â€Å"A good sign.† Edward just pressed his hand to her cheek, curling his fingers around the shape of her fragile bones. Bella sighed and put her lips to the straw again. She took a real pull this time. The action wasn’t as weak as everything else about her. Like some instinct was taking over. â€Å"How’s your stomach? Do you feel nauseated?† Carlisle asked. Bella shook her head. â€Å"No, I don’t feel sick,† she whispered. â€Å"There’s a first, eh?† Rosalie beamed. â€Å"Excellent.† â€Å"I think it’s a bit early for that, Rose,† Carlisle murmured. Bella gulped another mouthful of blood. Then she flashed a look at Edward. â€Å"Does this screw my total?† she whispered. â€Å"Or do we start counting after I’m a vampire?† â€Å"No one is counting, Bella. In any case, no one died for this.† He smiled a lifeless smile. â€Å"Your record is still clean.† They’d lost me. â€Å"I’ll explain later,† Edward said, so low the words were just a breath. â€Å"What?† Bella whispered. â€Å"Just talking to myself,† he lied smoothly. If he succeeded with this, if Bella lived, Edward wasn’t going to be able to get away with so much when her senses were as sharp as his. He’d have to work on the honesty thing. Edward’s lips twitched, fighting a smile. Bella chugged a few more ounces, staring past us toward the window. Probably pretending we weren’t here. Or maybe just me. No one else in this group would be disgusted by what she was doing. Just the opposite – they were probably having a tough time not ripping the cup away from her. Edward rolled his eyes. Jeez, how did anyone stand living with him? It was really too bad he couldn’t hear Bella’s thoughts. Then he’d annoy the crap out of her, too, and she’d get tired of him. Edward chuckled once. Bella’s eyes flicked to him immediately, and she half-smiled at the humor in his face. I would guess that wasn’t something she’d seen in a while. â€Å"Something funny?† she breathed. â€Å"Jacob,† he answered. She looked over with another weary smile for me. â€Å"Jake’s a crack-up,† she agreed. Great, now I was the court jester. â€Å"Bada bing† I mumbled in weak rim-shot impression. She smiled again, and then took another swig from the cup. I flinched when the straw pulled at empty air, making a loud sucking sound. â€Å"I did it,† she said, sounding pleased. Her voice was clearer – rough, but not a whisper for the first time today. â€Å"If I keep this down, Carlisle, will you take the needles out of me?† â€Å"As soon as possible,† he promised. â€Å"Honestly, they aren’t doing that much good where they are.† Rosalie patted Bella’s forehead, and they exchanged a hopeful glance. And anyone could see it – the cup full of human blood had made an immediate difference. Her color was returning – there was a tiny hint of pink in her waxy cheeks. Already she didn’t seem to need Rosalie’s support so much anymore. Her breathing was easier, and I would swear her heartbeat was stronger, more even. Everything accelerated. That ghost of hope in Edward’s eyes had turned into the real thing. â€Å"Would you like more?† Rosalie pressed. Bella’s shoulders slumped. Edward flashed a glare at Rosalie before he spoke to Bella. â€Å"You don’t have to drink more right away.† â€Å"Yeah, I know. But†¦ I want to† she admitted glumly. Rosalie pulled her thin, sharp fingers through Bella’s lank hair. â€Å"You don’t need to be embarrassed about that, Bella. Your body has cravings. We all understand that.† Her tone was soothing at first, but then she added harshly, â€Å"Anyone who doesn’t understand shouldn’t be here.† Meant for me, obviously, but I wasn’t going to let Blondie get to me. I was glad Bella felt better. So what if the means grossed me out? It wasn’t like I’d said anything. Carlisle took the cup from Bella’s hand. â€Å"I’ll be right back.† Bella stared at me while he disappeared. â€Å"Jake, you look awful,† she croaked. â€Å"Look who’s talking.† â€Å"Seriously – when’s the last time you slept?† I thought about that for a second. â€Å"Huh. I’m not actually sure.† â€Å"Aw, Jake. Now I’m messing with your health, too. Don’t be stupid.† I gritted my teeth. She was allowed to kill herself for a monster, but I wasn’t allowed to miss a few nights’ sleep to watch her do it? â€Å"Get some rest, please,† she went on. â€Å"There’re a few beds upstairs – you’re welcome to any of them.† The look on Rosalie’s face made it clear that I wasn’t welcome to one of them. It made me wonder what Sleepless Beauty needed a bed for anyway. Was she that possessive of her props? â€Å"Thanks, Bells, but I’d rather sleep on the ground. Away from the stench, you know.† She grimaced. â€Å"Right.† Carlisle was back then, and Bella reached out for the blood, absentminded, like she was thinking of something else. With the same distracted expression, she started sucking it down. She really was looking better. She pulled herself forward, being careful of the tubes, and scooted into a sitting position. Rosalie hovered, her hands ready to catch Bella if she sagged. But Bella didn’t need her. Taking deep breaths in between swallows, Bella finished the second cup quickly. â€Å"How do you feel now?† Carlisle asked. â€Å"Not sick. Sort of hungry†¦ only I’m not sure if I’m hungry or thirsty, you know?† â€Å"Carlisle, just look at her,† Rosalie murmured, so smug she should have canary feathers on her lips. â€Å"This is obviously what her body wants. She should drink more.† â€Å"She’s still human, Rosalie. She needs food, too. Let’s give her a little while to see how this affects her, and then maybe we can try some food again. Does anything sound particularly good to you, Bella?† â€Å"Eggs,† she said immediately, and then she exchanged a look and a smile with Edward. His smile was brittle, but there was more life on his face than before. I blinked then, and almost forgot how to open my eyes again. â€Å"Jacob,† Edward murmured. â€Å"You really should sleep. As Bella said, you’re certainly welcome to the accommodations here, though you’d probably be more comfortable outside. Don’t worry about anything – I promise 111 find you if there’s a need.† â€Å"Sure, sure,† I mumbled. Now that it appeared Bella had a few more hours, I could escape. Go curl up under a tree somewhere†¦. Far enough away that the smell couldn’t reach me. The bloodsucker would wake me up if something went wrong. He owed me. â€Å"I do,† Edward agreed. I nodded and then put my hand on Bella’s. Hers was icy cold. â€Å"Feel better,† I said. â€Å"Thanks, Jacob.† She turned her hand over and squeezed mine. I felt the thin band of her wedding ring riding loose on her skinny finger. â€Å"Get her a blanket or something,† I muttered as I turned for the door. Before I made it, two howls pierced the still morning air. There was no mistaking the urgency of the tone. No misunderstanding this time. â€Å"Dammit,† I snarled, and I threw myself through the door. I hurled my body off the porch, letting the fire rip me apart midair. There was a sharp tearing sound as my shorts shredded. Crap. Those were the only clothes I had. Didn’t matter now. I landed on paws and took off toward the west. What is it?I shouted in my head. Incoming,Seth answered. At least three. Did they split up? I’m running the line back to Seth at the speed of lightLeah promised. I could feel the air huffing through her lungs as she pushed herself to an incredible velocity. The forest whipped around her. So far, no other point of attack. Seth, donot challenge them. Wait forme. They’re slowing. Ugh – its sooff not being able to hear them. I think†¦ What? I think they’ve stopped. Waiting for the rest of the pack? Shh. Feel that? I absorbed his impressions. The faint, soundless shimmer in the air. Someone’s phasing? Feels like it,Seth agreed. Leah flew into the small open space where Seth waited. She raked her claws into the dirt, spinning out like a race car. Got your back, bro. They’re coming,Seth said nervously. Slow. Walking. Almost there,I told them. I tried to fly like Leah. It felt horrible being separated from Seth and Leah with potential danger closer to their end than mine. Wrong. I should be with them, between them and whatever was coming. Look who’s getting all paternal,Leah thought wryly. Head in the game, Leah. Four,Seth decided. Kid had good ears. Three wolves, one man. I made the little clearing then, moving immediately to the point. Seth sighed with relief and then straightened up, already in place at my right shoulder. Leah fell in on my left with a little less enthusiasm. So now I rank under Seth,she grumbled to herself. First come, first served,Seth thought smugly. ‘Sides, you were never an Alpha’s Third before. Still an upgrade. Under my baby brother is not an upgrade. Shh!I complained. don’t care where you stand. Shut up and get ready. They came into view a few seconds later, walking, as Seth had thought. Jared in the front, human, hands up. Paul and Quil and Collin on four legs behind him. There was no aggression in their postures. They hung back behind Jared, ears up, alert but calm. But†¦ it was weird that Sam would send Collin rather than Embry. That wasn’t what I would do if I were sending a diplomacy party into enemy territory. I wouldn’t send a kid. I’d send the experienced fighter. A diversion?Leah thought. Were Sam, Embry, and Brady making a move alone? That didn’t seem likely. Want me to check? I can run the line and be back in two minutes. Should I warn the Cullens?Seth wondered. What if the point was to divide us?I asked. The Cullens know something’s up. They’re ready. Sam wouldn’t be so stupid†¦,Leah whispered, fear jagged in her mind. She was imagining Sam attacking the Cullens with only the two others beside him. No, he wouldn’t,I assured her, though I felt a little sick at the image in her head, too. All the while, Jared and the three wolves stared at us, waiting. It was eerie not to hear what Quil and Paul and Collin were saying to one another. Their expressions were blank – unreadable. Jared cleared his throat, and then he nodded to me. â€Å"White flag of truce, Jake. We’re here to talk.† Think it’s true?Seth asked. Makes sense, but†¦ Yeah,Leah agreed. But. We didn’t relax. Jared frowned. â€Å"It would be easier to talk if I could hear you, too.† I stared him down. I wasn’t going to phase back until I felt better about this situation. Until it made sense. Why Collin? That was the part that had me most worried. â€Å"Okay. I guess I’ll just talk, then,† Jared said. â€Å"Jake, we want you to come back.† Quil let out a soft whine behind him. Seconding the statement. â€Å"You’ve torn our family apart. It’s not meant to be this way.† I wasn’t exactly in disagreement with that, but it was hardly the point. There were a few unresolved differences of opinion between me and Sam at the moment. â€Å"We know that you feel†¦ strongly about the situation with the Cullens. We know that’s a problem. But this is an overreaction.† Seth growled. Overreaction? And attacking our allies without warning isn’t? Seth, you ever heard of a poker face? Cool it. Sorry. Jared’s eyes flickered to Seth and back to me. â€Å"Sam is willing to take this slowly, Jacob. He’s calmed down, talked to the other Elders. They’ve decided that immediate action is in no one’s best interest at this point.† Translation: They’ve already lost the element of surprise,Leah thought. It was weird how distinct our joint thinking was. The pack was already Sam’s pack, was already â€Å"them† to us. Something outside and other. It was especially weird to have Leah thinking that way – to have her be a solid part of the â€Å"us.† â€Å"Billy and Sue agree with you, Jacob, that we can wait for Bella†¦ to be separated from the problem. Killing her is not something any of us feel comfortable with.† Though I’d just given Seth crap for it, I couldn’t hold back a small snarl of my own. So they didn’t quite feel comfortablewith murder, huh? Jared raised his hands again. â€Å"Easy, Jake. You know what I mean. The point is, we’re going to wait and reassess the situation. Decide later if there’s a problem with the†¦ thing.† Ha,Leah thought. What a load. You don’t buy it? I know what they’re thinking, Jake. WhatSam’s thinking. They’re betting on Bella dying anyway. And then they figure you’ll be so mad. . . That I’ll lead the attack myself.My ears pressed against my skull. What Leah was guessing sounded pretty spot-on. And very possible, too. When†¦ if that thing killed Bella, it was going to be easy to forget how I felt about Carlisle’s family right now. They would probably look like enemies – like no more than bloodsucking leeches – to me all over again. I’ll remind you,Seth whispered. know you will, kid. Question is whether I’ll listen to you. â€Å"Jake?† Jared asked. I huffed a sigh. Leah, make a circuit – just to be sure. I’m going to have to talk to him, and I want to bepositive there isn’t anything else going on while I’m phased. Give me a break, Jacob. You can phase in front of me. Despite my best efforts, I’ve seen you naked before – doesn’t do much forme, so no worries. I’m not trying to protect the innocence of your eyes, I’m trying to protect our backs. Get out of here. Leah snorted once and then launched herself into the forest. I could hear her claws cutting into the soil, pushing her faster. Nudity was an inconvenient but unavoidable part of pack life. We’d all thought nothing of it before Leah came along. Then it got awkward. Leah had average control when it came to her temper – it took her the usual length of time to stop exploding out of her clothes every time she got pissed. We’d all caught a glimpse. And it wasn’t like she wasn’t worth looking at; it was just that it was so not worth it when she caught you thinking about it later. Jared and the others were staring at the place where she’d disappeared into the brush with wary expressions. â€Å"Where’s she going?† Jared asked. I ignored him, closing my eyes and pulling myself together again. It felt like the air was trembling around me, shaking out from me in small waves. I lifted myself up on my hind legs, catching the moment just right so that I was fully upright as I shimmered down into my human self. â€Å"Oh,† Jared said. â€Å"Hey, Jake.† â€Å"Hey, Jared.† â€Å"Thanks for talking to me.† â€Å"Yeah.† â€Å"We want you to come back, man.† Quil whined again. â€Å"I don’t know if it’s that easy, Jared.† â€Å"Come home,† he said, leaning forward. Pleading. â€Å"We can sort this out. You don’t belong here. Let Seth and Leah come home, too.† I laughed. â€Å"Right. Like I haven’t been begging them to do that from hour one.† Seth snorted behind me. Jared assessed that, his eyes cautious again. â€Å"So, what now, then?† I thought that over for a minute while he waited. â€Å"I don’t know. But I’m not sure things could just go back to normal anyway, Jared. I don’t know how it works – it doesn’t feel like I can just turn this Alpha thing off and on as the mood strikes. It feels sort of permanent.† â€Å"You still belong with us.† I raised my eyebrows. â€Å"Two Alphas can’t belong in the same place, Jared. Remember how close it got last night? The instinct is too competitive.† â€Å"So are you all just going to hang out with the parasites for the rest of your lives?† he demanded. â€Å"You don’t have a home here. You’re already out of clothes,† he pointed out. â€Å"You gonna stay wolf all the time? You know Leah doesn’t like eating that way.† â€Å"Leah can do whatever she wants when she gets hungry. She’s here by her own choice. I’m not telling anyone what to do.† Jared sighed. â€Å"Sam is sorry about what he did to you.† I nodded. â€Å"I’m not angry anymore.† â€Å"But?† â€Å"But I’m not coming back, not now. We’re going to wait and see how it plays out, too. And we’re going to watch out for the Cullens for as long as that seems necessary. Because, despite what you think, this isn’t just about Bella. We’re protecting those who should be protected. And that applies to the Cullens, too.† At least a fair number of them, anyway. Seth yelped softly in agreement. Jared frowned. â€Å"I guess there’s nothing I can say to you, then.† â€Å"Not now. We’ll see how things go.† Jared turned to face Seth, concentrating on him now, separate from me. â€Å"Sue asked me to tell you – no, to beg you – to come home. She’s brokenhearted, Seth. All alone. I don’t know how you and Leah can do this to her. Abandon her this way, when your dad just barely died – â€Å" Seth whimpered. â€Å"Ease up, Jared,† I warned. â€Å"Just letting him know how it is.† I snorted. â€Å"Right.† Sue was tougher than anyone I knew. Tougher than my dad, tougher than me. Tough enough to play on her kids’ sympathies if that’s what it took to get them home. But it wasn’t fair to work Seth that way. â€Å"Sue’s known about this for how many hours now? And most of that time spent with Billy and Old Quil and Sam? Yeah, I’m sure she’s just perishing of loneliness. ‘Course you’re free to go if you want, Seth. You know that.† Seth sniffed. Then, a second later, he cocked an ear to the north. Leah must be close. Jeez, she was fast. Two beats, and Leah skidded to a stop in the brush a few yards away. She trotted in, taking the point in front of Seth. She kept her nose in the air, very obviously not looking in my direction. I appreciated that. â€Å"Leah?† Jared asked. She met his gaze, her muzzle pulling back a little over her teeth. Jared didn’t seem surprised by her hostility. â€Å"Leah, you know you don’t want to be here.† She snarled at him. I gave her a warning glance she didn’t see. Seth whined and nudged her with his shoulder. â€Å"Sorry,† Jared said. â€Å"Guess I shouldn’t assume. But you don’t have any ties to the bloodsuckers.† Leah very deliberately looked at her brother and then at me. â€Å"So you want to watch out for Seth, I get that,† Jared said. His eyes touched my face and then went back to hers. Probably wondering about that second look – just like I was. â€Å"But Jake’s not going to let anything happen to him, and he’s not afraid to be here.† Jared made a face. â€Å"Anyway, please, Leah. We want you back. Sam wants you back.† Leah’s tail twitched. â€Å"Sam told me to beg. He told me to literally get down on my knees if I have to. He wants you home, Lee-lee, where you belong.† I saw Leah flinch when Jared used Sam’s old nickname for her. And then, when he added those last three words, her hackles rose and she was yowling a long stream of snarls through her teeth. I didn’t have to be in her head to hear the cussing-out she was giving him, and neither did he. You could almost hear the exact words she was using. I waited till she was done. â€Å"I’m going to go out on a limb here and say that Leah belongs wherever she wants to be.† Leah growled, but, as she was glaring at Jared, I figured it was in agreement. â€Å"Look, Jared, we’re still family, okay? We’ll get past the feud, but, until we do, you probably ought to stick to your land. Just so there aren’t misunderstandings. Nobody wants a family brawl, right? Sam doesn’t want that, either, does he?† â€Å"Of course, not,† Jared snapped. â€Å"We’ll stick to our land. But where is your land, Jacob? Is it vampire land?† â€Å"No, Jared. Homeless at the moment. But don’t worry – this isn’t going to last forever.† I had to take a breath. â€Å"There’s not that much time†¦ left. Okay? Then the Cullens will probably go, and Seth and Leah will come home.† Leah and Seth whined together, their noses turning my direction in synchronization. â€Å"And what about you, Jake?† â€Å"Back to the forest, I think. I can’t really stick around La Push. Two Alphas means too much tension. ‘Sides, I was headed that way anyway. Before this mess.† â€Å"What if we need to talk?† Jared asked. â€Å"Howl – but watch the line, ‘kay? We’ll come to you. And Sam doesn’t need to send so many. We aren’t looking for a fight.† Jared scowled, but nodded. He didn’t like me setting conditions for Sam. â€Å"See you around, Jake. Or not.† He waved halfheartedly. â€Å"Wait, Jared. Is Embry okay?† Surprise crossed his face. â€Å"Embry? Sure, he’s fine. Why?† â€Å"Just wondering why Sam sent Collin.† I watched his reaction, still suspicious that something was going on. I saw knowledge flash in his eyes, but it didn’t look like the kind I was expecting. â€Å"That’s not really your business anymore, Jake.† â€Å"Guess not. Just curious.† I saw a twitch from the corner of my eye, but I didn’t acknowledge it, because I didn’t want to give Quil away. He was reacting to the subject. â€Å"I’ll let Sam know about your†¦ instructions. Goodbye, Jacob.† I sighed. â€Å"Yeah. Bye, Jared. Hey, tell my dad that I’m okay, will you? And that I’m sorry, and that I love him.† â€Å"I’ll pass that along.† â€Å"Thanks.† â€Å"C’mon, guys,† Jared said. He turned away from us, heading out of sight to phase because Leah was here. Paul and Collin were right on his heels, but Quil hesitated. He yelped softly, and I took a step toward him. â€Å"Yeah, I miss you, too, bro.† Quil jogged over to me, his head hanging down morosely. I patted his shoulder. â€Å"It’ll be okay.† He whined. â€Å"Tell Embry I miss having you two on my flanks.† He nodded and then pressed his nose to my forehead. Leah snorted. Quil looked up, but not at her. He looked back over his shoulder at where the others had gone. â€Å"Yeah, go home,† I told him. Quil yelped again and then took off after the others. I’d bet Jared wasn’t waiting super-patiently. As soon as he was gone, I pulled the warmth from the center of my body and let it surge through my limbs. In a flash of heat, I was on four legs again. Thought you were going to make out with him,Leah snickered. I ignored her. Was that okay?I asked them. It worried me, speaking for them that way, when I couldn’t hear exactly what they were thinking. I didn’t want to assume anything. I didn’t want to be like Jared that way. Did I say anything you didn’t want me to? Did I not say something I should have? You did great, Jake!Seth encouraged. You could have hit Jared,Leah thought. wouldn’t have minded that. I guess we know why Embry wasn’t allowed to come,Seth thought. I didn’t understand. Not allowed? Jake, didya see Quil? He’s pretty torn up, right? I’d put ten to one that Embry’s even more upset And Embry doesn’t have a Claire. There’s no way Quil can just pick up and walk away from La Push. Embry might So Sam’s not going to take any chances on him getting convinced to jump ship. He doesn’t want our pack any bigger than it is now. Really? You think? I doubt Embry would mind shredding some Cullens. But he’s your best friend, Jake. He and Quil would rather stand behind you than face you in a fight. Well, I’m glad Sam kept him home, then. This pack is big enough.I sighed. Okay, then. So we’re good, for now. Seth, you mind keeping an eye on things for a while? Leah and I both need to crash. This felt on the level, but who knows? Maybe it was a distraction. I wasn’t always so paranoid, but I remembered the feel of Sam’s commitment. The total one-track focus on destroying the danger he saw. Would he take advantage of the fact that he could lie to us now? No problem!Seth was only too eager to do whatever he could. You want me to explain to the Cullens? They’re probably still kinda tense. I got it. I want to check things out anyway. They caught the whir of images from my fried brain. Seth whimpered in surprise. Ew. Leah whipped her head back and forth like she was trying to shake the image out of her mind. That is easily the freakin’ grossest thing I’ve heard in my life. Yuck. If there was anything in my stomach, it would be coming back. Theyare vampires, I guess, Seth allowed after a minute, compensating for Leah’s reaction. mean, it makes sense. And if it helps Bella, it’s a good thing, right? Both Leah and I stared at him. What? Mom dropped him a lot when he was a baby,Leah told me. On his head, apparently. He used to gnaw on the crib bars, too. Lead paint? Looks like itshe thought. Seth snorted. Funny. Why don’t you two shut up and sleep? How to cite The Twilight Saga 4: Breaking Dawn 13. Good Thing I’ve Got A Strong Stomach, Essay examples

Designing an Health Strategy for Aboriginal People

Question: Discuss about theDesigning an Health Strategy for Aboriginal People. Answer: Introduction: A good health is the right of every individual and it should be enjoyed by every member of the society regardless of their ethnicity, race, or gender(Gracey and King, 2009). According to the National Aboriginal and Islander Organization, health is not just the physical well-being of the individual but the social, emotional and cultural well-being of the whole community. Health care services should strive to achieve the state where every individual is able to achieve their full potential as human beings, and thus bring about the complete well-being of the community. Unfortunately, despite so many efforts by the government, there is still a rift between the ideal healthcare services and the healthcare services that are actually being provided. Certain communities of the society are still devoid of quality healthcare services(Larson et al., 2007).There are various obstructions and barriers that restrict them from availing the full benefits of healthcare services(L. Booth and Carroll, 20 05).Therefore, a lot is needed to be done in the field of indigenous healthcare(Anderson et al., 2002). In this essay, I am going to discuss various problems faced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people and will try to devise a potential health strategy that would overcome these problems. There are many different health systems across the world with different approaches, but they have one similar goal i.e. to improve the health of the society they are serving. I think the most important and basic principles that every health system follows are the quality of their services, accessibility and the sustainability of that system. To design an effective health system there are a few questions that should be answered: why is a change required? What are the needs of the population and how will they evolve? What would be the most suitable pathways to achieve good health? What models are needed to support optimal care? And are these changes feasible and affordable?(Dash, Llewellyn and Richardson, 2009). There is a great need for a changein the field of indigenous healthcare. According to the data of the year 2012-2013 given by Australian Bureau of Statistics, the rate of long-term diseases in the aboriginal people was higher than that in the non-indigenous people(ABS, 2015). This can be attributed to various factors such as language, lack of transport and telecommunication services, lack of interpersonal relationships between the healthcare providers and the aboriginal patients(Dick, 2007),(Copeman, 2010). Therefore, I am proposing a health strategy/system which could possibly improve the health of aboriginal people. This health system would have healthcare personnel from the Aboriginal community because I believe it would be more helpful to have a healthcare staff from the indigenous population so that they can better understand their needs and their cultural beliefs(Houston and Legge, 2010). Different awareness programs would be started which would educate the people regarding the healthy practices and basic hygiene etiquettes. A different emergency helpline number would be issued for the indigenous people who do not have easy access to the healthcare services. Transport facilities would be improved and they would be linked with the emergency helpline numbers so that the people living in remote areas can get medical help on time(Bailie and Wayte, 2006). There are many Aboriginal community-controlled health services i.e. ACCHSs which help in establishing an efficient communication between the government, departments and the organizations within the non-indigenous and indigenous communities(Marmot, 2011). Collaboration with such ACCHSs would ensure the well-being of the indigenous communities. Many socioeconomic reforms such as improved infrastructure, better communication and transport services need to be brought into the aboriginal community. (AIHW, 2016) Another challenge while dealing with the aboriginal patients is the cultural safety. Cultural safety is defined as an environment where an individual enjoys spiritual, social, emotional, and physical safety(Molloy and Grootjans, 2014). An individuals identity is not challenged, assaulted, or denied in a culturally safe environment(McLennan and Khavarpour, 2004). I think that the beliefs of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people vary from those of the healthcare providers. Aboriginals focus on issuing respect and developing an interpersonal bonding between them and the healthcare provider(Hunt, Bond and Brough, 2004). On the other hand, the healthcare providers are more interested in making the people comfortable to the physical environment changes. I believe that the patients should not be asked to focus on any cultural dimension that does not belong to their own culture(Hayman and Armstrong, 2014). Instead, we should be more flexible in our thinking and attitude towards differ ent cultures(Walter, 2016). The people who do not possess a good command over the same language that we speak should be treated with patience. We should try to understand their concerns(Smye and Browne, 2002). Some of the key points to create a culturally safe environment are that one should reflect ones own culture, beliefs and attitude. I think establishing trust with the patient helps to achieve a more comfortable environment. One should recognize and avoid the stereotypical barriers that cause hindrance in providing quality health care services(Sajiv, 2013). The health gap between indigenous and non-indigenous people is a matter of concern(Gracey, 2014). The poor health standards of the indigenous people are associated with various factors such as poverty, malnutrition, environmental contamination, poor hygiene, lack of good infrastructure etc(Davy and Lockwood, 2014). I think the above proposed health system can help in reducing this gap by considering the following factors which define ideal health care quality(Brown, 2009): Equity: ensuring quality healthcare services to all regardless of race, ethnicity or any other personal characteristics of the patient. Safety: treating the patient safely without causing any care related injuries. Timeliness: reducing waiting time and delays for the person seeking care to provide quality services on time. This can avoid severe health conditions. Efficiency: avoiding any waste of resources such as the waste of equipment, energy, and supplies. Patient-centeredness: providing care that respects the values, beliefs and preferences of the patient. Effectiveness: providing healthcare services based on the scientific knowledge so that the patient could get most benefit from the health care services(Pholi, Black and Richards, 2009). The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people have as much right over the quality health care services as any other citizen of our country. They should be treated equally in a culturally safe environment where they do not feel reluctant in sharing their health concerns. Their values and beliefs should be honored(Nangala, 2008). Every individual of our country demands an equal right to avail good health care facilities, but the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island people are still not getting the quality care services. There are various barriers such as language, culture, lack of local transport system that restricts the Aboriginal people from availing the quality health care services. Therefore, there is a great need to overcome such barriers and steps should be taken in that direction. The non-indigenous people should be made more aware about the plight of the indigenous people so that they have a sense of responsibility towards their fellow countrymen. Not all the healthcare providers are completely aware about the protocols of the Aboriginal people and thus, I think education regarding the cultural safety is needed to be introduced at the root level in the education system. References: AIHW, (2016).Indigenous health (AIHW). [online] Aihw.gov.au. Available at: https://www.aihw.gov.au/australias-health/2014/indigenous-health/#t3. Anderson, I., Clarke, A., Renhard, R., Otim, M. and Andrews, S. (2002). Linking acute care to a strategy for improving Aboriginal health.Australian Health Review, 25(5), p.118. Bailie, R. and Wayte, K. (2006). Housing and health in Indigenous communities: Key issues for housing and health improvement in remote Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.Australian Journal of Rural Health, 14(5), pp.178-183. Brown, A. (2009). Bridging the Survival Gap Between Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians: Priorities for the Road Ahead. 18(2), pp.96-100. Copeman, R. (2010). Assessmentof aboriginal health services.Community Health Studies, 12(3), pp.251-255. Dash, P., Llewellyn, C. and Richardson, B. (2009).Health Promotion Journal of Australia.Health International, 8. Davy, C. and Lockwood, C. (2014). Understanding Closing the Gap strategies from the perspective of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples and their primary healthcare providers: a systematic review protocol.JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, 12(10), pp.98-108. Dick, D. (2007).Social determinants and the health of Indigenous peoples in Australia a human rights based approach | Australian Human Rights Commission. [online] Humanrights.gov.au. Available at: https://www.humanrights.gov.au/news/speeches/social-determinants-and-health-indigenous-peoples-australia-human-rights-based. Gracey, M. (2014). Why closing the Aboriginal health gap is so elusive.Internal Medicine Journal, 44(11), pp.1141-1143. Gracey, M. and King, M. (2009). [online] Thelancet.com. Available at: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(09)60914-4/abstract. Hayman, N. and Armstrong, R. (2014). Health services for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: handle with care.Med J Aust, 200(11), p.613. Houston, S. and Legge, D. (2010).Aboriginal health research and the National Aboriginal Health Strategy.Australian Journal of Public Health, 16(2), pp.114-115. McLennan, V. and Khavarpour, F. (2004). Culturally appropriate health promotion: its meaning and application in Aboriginal communities.Health Promotion Journal of Australia, 15(3). Molloy, L. and Grootjans, J. (2014).The Ideas of Frantz Fanon and Culturally Safe Practices for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People in Australia.Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 35(3), pp.207-211. Nangala, S. (2008). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health: today's challenges, tomorrow's opportunities.Australian Health Review, 32(2), p.302. Pholi, K., Black, D. and Richards, C. (2009). Is Close the Gap a useful approach to improving the health and wellbeing of Indigenous Australians?.Australian Review of Public Affairs, 9(2). Sajiv, C. (2013). Cultural considerations when providing care to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders (ATSI) opting for conservative care.Nephrology, p.n/a-n/a. Smye, V. and Browne, A. (2002).Cultural safety and the analysis of health policy affecting aboriginal people.Nurse Researcher, 9(3), pp.42-56. times, c. (2016).4727.0.55.001 - Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey: First Results, Australia, 2012-13. [online] Abs.gov.au. Available at: https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/4727.0.55.001main+features802012-13. Walter, M. (2016).Social Exclusion/Inclusion for Urban Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People.SI, 4(1), p.68. Hunt, J., Bond, C. and Brough, M. (2004). Strong in the City: towards a strength-based approach in Indigenous health promotion.Health Promotion Journal of Australia: Official Journal of Australian Association of Health Promotion Professionals, 15(3). Booth, A. and Carroll, N. (2005). The Health Status of Indigenous and Non-Indigenous Australians.IZA Discussion Paper No. 1534. Larson, A., Gillies, M., J. Howard, P. and Coffin, J. (2007). It's enough to make you sick: the impact of racism on the health of Aboriginal Australians.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 31(4), pp.322-329. Marmot, M. (2011).Social determinants and the health of Indigenous Australians.Closing the gap, 194(10).

The scarlet ibis free essay sample

In the short story, â€Å"The Scarlet Ibis†, James Hurst uses nature imagery to symbolize the narrator’s mixed emotions, supporting the theme that selfish pride generally causes more harm than good. In the story the narrator doesn’t know whether to care or be proud of his brother, or to be ashamed and careless. He has befuddled emotions towards his brother and he just wants him to be normal. In the story, the narrator teaches Doodle how to walk. Not because he cares about Doodle, but because he is embarrassed of him. â€Å"They did not know that I did it for myself†, (pg434, L181-L184). He only helped Doodle for his own selfish reasons. The narrator didn’t want to be seen with a handicap brother, so he encouraged or forced Doodle to walk and act like a regular kid. So he didn’t help Doodle out of brotherly love but out of being egoistic and caring what people thought of him and his family. We will write a custom essay sample on The scarlet ibis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page James Hurst use of the Scarlet Ibis is a representation or symbol of Doodle. Both are fragile and rare, but special and exotic as well. â€Å"Even death did not mar its grace, for it lay on the earth like a broken vase of flowers, and we stood around it, awed by its exotic beauty†,(pg439, L304-L306). The scarlet ibis just died right in front of the family after traveling so many miles from home. The scarlet ibis is similar to Doodle, they both were in a place that was not suitable for them, and both were pushed to their limit. The scarlet ibis foreshadows Doodle’s death in the story. Towards the end of the story, the narrator is disappointed in Doodle because they didn’t finish their intentions for the summer. . The narrator pushes Doodle to his limit, to his full extent, to make sure he becomes like the â€Å"regular kids†. He was so angry with Doodle that words couldn’t express his feelings; he was probably thinking about how people would think about him and his crippled brother. â€Å"The rain was coming , roaring through the pines, and the, like a bursting candle, a gum tree ahead of us shattered†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ and in the moment before the rain arrived, I heard†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. ‘Don’t leave me’†, (pg. 441, (L366-L370). This storm represents the narrator’s mixed emotions toward his brother. He was so angry, and upset with Doodle, that it forces him to leave him behind. The narrator was so vexed with Doodle that he left him back at Old Woman Swamp in the storm. Just because their plans were not complete, that does not leave him any reason to leave Doodle, his brother, who has the same flesh and blood as him. â€Å"The knowledge that Doodle’s and my plans had come to naught†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..that streak of cruelty within me awakened†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦soon I could hear his voice no more†, (pg. 441, L371-L375). Because he was so angry, he left running away, leaving him behind, where death rested upon Doodle. If he didn’t have such an intense cruelty in him, he would’ve gone back and helped Doodle. The narrator didn’t know what to do he was so confused, sometimes he felt hatred towards Doodle and sometimes he didn’t, he had unbalanced emotions. He cared about what people thought of him, that what caused him to pressure Doodle to do things and push him to his limit. The narrator was so inconsiderate which supports the theme that selfish pride generally causes more harm than good.